Clinical Imaging RSS feed: Articles in Press. Clinical Imaging provides comprehensive coverage of new technology, new applications, and important issues concerning all diagnostic imaging methods. Under the editorship of Joseph P. Whalen, M.D., Clinical Imaging explores the relative merits of established and developing diagnostic imaging technology, with regard to cost effectiveness, safety, and propriety where specific disorders and physiological systems are concerned. The journal publishes: • Original articles – peer-reviewed reports of new clinical developments • "Radiology Pathology Conference" features – a brief clinical history with physical findings, followed by a discussion of the radiologic imagings with a detailed correlation of the pathological findings • Review articles – an overview of a key topic, with an invited editorial on the same subject • Case reports – limited to important new observations • Abstracts – summaries of significant papers in related journals • Book Reviews From ultrasound to MRI, Clinical Imaging provides essential information for radiologists, radiology residents, and radiologic technologists. http://www.clinicalimaging.org//inpress?rss=yesElsevier Inc.en © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Clinical Imaging0899-70712012-02-06 © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. healthpermissions@elsevier.comhttp://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS0899707112000095/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Diabetic mastopathy (DMP) is an uncommon collection of clinical, radiological, and histological features, classically described in premenopausal women with long-term insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. This entity can mimic breast carcinoma, but, in the appropriate clinical and imaging setting, the diagnosis can be made by core biopsy, avoiding unnecessary surgeries. We report the case of a 34-year-old female, with a 12-year history of type 1 diabetes, who presented with bilateral breast lumps. Mammography, ultrasonography, and magnetic resonance imaging could not exclude the suspicion of malignancy, and a core biopsy was performed showing the typical histologic features of DMP. The literature is briefly reviewed.Diabetic mastopathy: a case report - Corrected ProofCarla Francisco, Catarina Júlio, Ana Luísa Fontes, Inês Silveira Reis, Rosário Fernandes, Sara Valadares, Pedro Sereno10.1016/j.clinimag.2012.01.003Clinical Imaging (2012)2012-02-06Clinical Imaging2012-02-06http://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS0899707112000113/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Congenital abnormalities of the liver are rare with prior descriptions of lobar or segmental agenesis, Reidel's lobe, and ectopic hepatic lobes. Intrathoracic ectopic hepatic lobes have been reported in many instances; however, there is only one documented case of abnormally positioned liver tissue within the inferior vena cava (J Chapman-Fredricks, R Birusingh, M Ricci, M Rodriguez, Intracaval liver with cardiac extension. A new developmental anomaly? Fetal and Pediatric Pathology. 2010; 29:401–406). We report a second case of an ectopic intracaval liver defined as a mass in an adult who presented for abdominal pain and review the radiological findings.Ectopic intracaval liver - Corrected ProofPoyan Rafiei, Sunit Sebastian, Ramesh B. Patel, Manohar S. Roda10.1016/j.clinimag.2012.01.005Clinical Imaging (2012)2012-02-06Clinical Imaging2012-02-06http://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS0899707112000137/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: In a retrospective analysis with two readers blinded to the clinical information, coronal short tau inversion recovery (STIR) images were compared to contrast-enhanced fat-saturated T1-weighted imaging (T1 CEfs) in 51 cases of cervical lymphoma.Interrater reliability was good to excellent.Although sensitivity and subjective quality of the STIR sequence were higher than those of the T1 CEfs sequence (sensitivity 85%/72%, respectively), specificity (82%/95%) as well as positive likelihood ratio (4.65/15.93) was much lower. Therefore, contrast-enhanced sequences should be included in the primary staging of lymphoma.Comparison of inversion recovery and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted fat-suppressed sequences for the staging of cervical lymphoma - Corrected ProofWolfgang Freund, Armin Seifarth, Gregor Stuber, Holger Cario, Stefan Puig, Andrik J. Aschoff10.1016/j.clinimag.2012.01.007Clinical Imaging (2012)2012-02-06Clinical Imaging2012-02-06http://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS0899707112000186/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: In posttraumatic shoulder dislocation, the size of a glenoid rim defect can determine the probability of recurrent dislocations. Most attempts to assess the size of such defects are based on the width of a defect in relation to glenoid length or diameter. So far, no method exactly calculating the area of articular surface missing has been reported. With the use of software originally designed for architectural purposes, the exact percentage of a glenoid defect was measured on three-dimensional computed tomography images.An alternative technique for the exact sizing of glenoid bone defects - Corrected ProofAlexander Auffarth, Nicholas Matis, Heiko Koller, Herbert Resch10.1016/j.clinimag.2012.01.012Clinical Imaging (2012)2012-02-06Clinical Imaging2012-02-06http://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS0899707112000198/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: In three-dimensional (3D) CT colonography (CTC), a wider viewing angle provides a larger field of view. The purpose of this study was to investigate the polyp detection rate and time efficiency of unidirectional 240°-angle 3D CTC compared with bidirectional 120°-angle CTC. CTC data sets of 40 patients were reviewed by two readers using the two methods. The unidirectional 240°-angle CTC showed a performance in polyp detection similar to the bidirectional 120°-angle CTC with improved time efficiency.A feasibility study of unidirectional 240°-angle 3D CT colonography - Corrected ProofSoon Nam Oh, Young Joon Lee, You Sung Kim, Seung Eun Jung, Sung Eun Rha, Yu Ri Shin, Jae Young Byun, Byung Gil Choi10.1016/j.clinimag.2012.01.013Clinical Imaging (2012)2012-02-06Clinical Imaging2012-02-06http://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS0899707112000204/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome (PAES) is a rare congenital vascular pathology caused by the compression of the popliteal artery by adjacent muscle and tendinous structures. Popliteal artery aneurysm associated with this syndrome is extremely rare. A 45-year-old male suffering from pain at the right lower extremity during exercise was admitted to our hospital. Physical examination and Doppler imaging revealed a weak pulse at the posterior tibial artery and no pulse at dorsalis pedis and anterior tibial arteries. The patient was further evaluated with multidetector computed tomography angiography (MDCTA). MDCTA revealed PAES due to compression of the accessory fibers of the gastrocnemius muscle and related thrombosed popliteal aneurysm.Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome with thrombosed popliteal aneurysm: multidetector computed tomography angiography findings of a case - Corrected ProofBulent Karaman, Bilal Battal, Veysel Akgun, Salih Hamcan, Yalcin Bozkurt, Ugur Bozlar10.1016/j.clinimag.2012.01.014Clinical Imaging (2012)2012-02-06Clinical Imaging2012-02-06http://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS0899707112000228/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Non–contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance venography (MRV) of the upper limb acquired by fresh blood imaging (FBI) was compared with time-of-flight (TOF)-MRV. Visualization of three veins (basilic, brachial, and cephalic veins), small branches, and fat suppression was evaluated with a four-point scale (0–3). FBI-MRV was significantly superior for the basilic veins and small venous branches and equivalent for the brachial and cephalic veins to TOF-MRV, with no difference in fat suppression. FBI-MRV would be useful in venous mapping and detection of thrombus.Non–contrast-enhanced MR venography of the upper limb: a comparative study of acquisitions with fresh blood imaging vs. time-of-flight methods - Corrected ProofMotoko Harigai, Tomohisa Okada, Shigeaki Umeoka, Satoshi Nagayama, Eiji Tanaka, Koji Fujimoto, Aki Kido, Kazuna Takeda, Kaori Togashi, Yoshiharu Sakai10.1016/j.clinimag.2012.01.016Clinical Imaging (2012)2012-02-06Clinical Imaging2012-02-06http://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS089970711200023X/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Purpose: To review utilization of imaging in pregnant patients with malignancies and define an imaging algorithm in this patient population.Methods: Pregnant patients with concurrent diagnoses of malignancy from January 2002 to January 2011 were identified using an institutional electronic medical record system. Patients with history of malignancy concurrent with pregnancy who had documented cross-sectional imaging studies were included. Clinical charts were reviewed, and patient demographics, diagnoses, indication for imaging, imaging findings, and oncologic stage were recorded. Descriptive statistics were performed.Results: Thirty-eight women were identified with malignancy concurrent with pregnancy. Twenty-seven patients had cross-sectional imaging studies during their pregnancy. There were 20 new diagnoses of malignancy and 7 with recurrent tumor. The most common new malignancies were lymphoma (5/27, 19%) and breast cancer (4/27, 15%). Two thirds (18/27, 66%) of the patients underwent at least one imaging study associated with ionizing radiation. CT imaging was utilized in 13 (48%) of 27 patients and MRI was used in 14 (52%) of 27 patients. Fifteen (75%) of the 20 patients with new diagnoses underwent oncologic staging with imaging that meets the standard of care based on National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines. An imaging algorithm was created as a guideline for the most common malignancies in pregnancy.Conclusions: Cross-sectional oncologic imaging in the pregnant patient involves a variety of imaging modalities including those with ionizing radiation. This imaging largely follows standard of care for the nonpregnant patient and is tailored to specific patient complaints. A generalized algorithm is offered here for imaging pregnant oncology patients.Cancer in pregnancy: cross-sectional oncologic imaging utilization at a tertiary care center with an algorithmic approach to imaging - Corrected ProofCarly S. Gardner, Avinash S. Patil, Chad M. Miller, Andra H. James, Tracy A. Jaffe10.1016/j.clinimag.2012.01.017Clinical Imaging (2012)2012-02-06Clinical Imaging2012-02-06http://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS0899707111003068/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Various tumors can occur in the scrotum. Among them, angiomyofibroblastoma-like tumors are very rare mesenchymal tumors. We report a case of an angiomyofibroblastoma-like tumor that arose in the right half of the scrotum in a 72-year-old man. It is difficult to separate angiomyofibroblastoma-like tumors from other malignant tumors invading the male genital tract on the basis of clinical characteristics and magnetic resonance imaging findings.Magnetic resonance imaging features of angiomyofibroblastoma-like tumor of the scrotum with pathologic correlates - Corrected ProofMitsunari Maruyama, Takeshi Yoshizako, Hajime Kitagaki, Asuka Araki, Mikio Igawa10.1016/j.clinimag.2011.11.026Clinical Imaging (2012)2012-02-03Clinical Imaging2012-02-03http://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS089970711100307X/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Uterine cervical lymphoma, a very rare condition, has rarely been reported in sonographic findings in the English medical literature. We describe a case of uterine cervical lymphoma which was detected initially and depicted on sonography as a multinodular smoothly lobulated heterogeneous mass with some posterior enhancements.Sonographic findings of uterine cervical lymphoma manifesting as multinodular lesions - Corrected ProofSung Bin Park, Young Ho Lee, Mi Jin Song, Hyeun Cha Cho, Myung Sook Lee, Sung Ran Hong, Tae Jin Kim, Seok Nam Yoon10.1016/j.clinimag.2011.11.027Clinical Imaging (2012)2012-02-03Clinical Imaging2012-02-03http://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS0899707111003172/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Primary angiosarcoma of the spleen is rare, usually widespread or has a splenic rupture by the time of presentation, and almost always has poor prognosis; early radiological diagnosis is necessary for improving the survival rate. We report two special cases of this disease. Both patients did not have pathologic metastasis or splenic rupture, but their computed tomography (CT) manifestations were distinct from each other and had uncommon characteristics. We compared the CT features with pathological findings.Primary angiosarcoma of the spleen as depicted on computed tomography - Corrected ProofRui Qi, Jian-Qun Yu, Huan Xu, Xiang-Ping Zhou, Xue-Ming Li10.1016/j.clinimag.2011.12.016Clinical Imaging (2012)2012-02-03Clinical Imaging2012-02-03http://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS0899707112000022/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: We present a case of an ovarian benign Brenner tumor identified in an 85-year-old woman. During an observation period of over 1 year, the tumor increased in size and showed newly appeared solid component. Magnetic resonance imaging was typical of a Brenner tumor; fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) findings revealed mild FDG uptake and calcification in the solid component. These findings of PET/CT are often found in ovarian mucinous carcinomas. Our case suggests that magnetic resonance imaging is superior to FDG PET/CT for the differential diagnosis of ovarian Brenner tumors from other malignant tumors.FDG PET/CT of a benign ovarian Brenner tumor - Corrected ProofAkira Toriihara, Yoshimi Taniguchi, Mariko Negi, Kazunori Kubota, Tomoko Makino, Hitoshi Shibuya10.1016/j.clinimag.2011.12.018Clinical Imaging (2012)2012-02-03Clinical Imaging2012-02-03http://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS0899707111002919/abstract?rss=yesCase reports - Corrected Proof10.1016/j.clinimag.2011.12.001Clinical Imaging (2012)2012-01-30Clinical Imaging2012-01-30http://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS0899707111002920/abstract?rss=yesThis book belongs to a series of “case review” dealing with imaging of the chest; in 344 pages, the authors propose a study of 164 cases by presenting for each one the standard radiological images, while other images can be studied on the Internet.Corrected ProofJean Noël Bruneton10.1016/j.clinimag.2011.12.002Clinical Imaging (2012)2012-01-30Clinical Imaging2012-01-30BOOK REVIEWhttp://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS0899707111002932/abstract?rss=yesThis teaching book Primer of Diagnostic Imaging is in its fifth edition, and we expect that this new edition will have the same success as the previous four. The many readers will be grateful to the authors for the initial pages dedicated to the large number of acronyms, which we are obliged to use nowadays, and which, in the opinion of this reviewer, should be eliminated from the English language.Corrected ProofAntonio F. Govoni10.1016/j.clinimag.2011.12.003Clinical Imaging (2012)2012-01-30Clinical Imaging2012-01-30BOOK REVIEWhttp://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS0899707111002944/abstract?rss=yesThis book belongs to the series of RadCases, textbooks whose quality I have appreciated when I reviewed the series “Thoracic Imaging.” The principle remains the same, with the presentation of 250–100 cases in the book and 150 supplementary ones presented on the Internet. Each case is presented, as in the other books of the series, first with the clinical data and the necessary imaging, and then in the following page with the description of the images, a discussion of the differential diagnoses, and of further essential data; other methods of imaging are also suggested, and the presentation closes with informative pearls and pitfalls.Corrected ProofJean Noël Bruneton10.1016/j.clinimag.2011.12.004Clinical Imaging (2012)2012-01-30Clinical Imaging2012-01-30BOOK REVIEWhttp://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS0899707111002956/abstract?rss=yesThe fourth edition of this CT Teaching Manual, now with 224 pages and 470 illustrations, follows the very successful earlier editions. Dr. Hofer, in the introduction to the book, points out that it has been written for medical students, radiological technicians, interns, residents in radiology, as well as physicians who are interested in radiology. All things considered, the book is well written, all the topics discussed are of interest, the images presented are clear and informative, and of superior quality is the labor offered by the author. In this edition, there is also new complimentary information, such as discussion on protocols, on the utilization of a special injecting equipment in the use of contrast media, and on the technique of dual source/energy CT.Corrected ProofJean Noël Bruneton10.1016/j.clinimag.2011.12.005Clinical Imaging (2012)2012-01-30Clinical Imaging2012-01-30BOOK REVIEWhttp://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS0899707111002968/abstract?rss=yesA new book on chest radiology? Do we need it? If new books are of this quality, then, yes, they are welcome. When I opened this textbook I was surprised and fascinated: the first topic discussed was the heart as it appears on standard radiographs, with its normal and most common pathologies. In my long experience as a radiologist I have never seen a text on radiology imaging opening with a chapter on the heart.Corrected ProofSandro Morassut10.1016/j.clinimag.2011.12.006Clinical Imaging (2012)2012-01-30Clinical Imaging2012-01-30BOOK REVIEWhttp://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS089970711100297X/abstract?rss=yesThese two books, written by Muller and Silva and vice versa, are complementary books focusing on thoracic radiology. The prime focus of each book is the interpretation of chest imaging, mainly CT scanning and chest radiography with some supplemental MRI and PET scan images.Corrected ProofDavid F. Yankelevitz10.1016/j.clinimag.2011.12.007Clinical Imaging (2012)2012-01-30Clinical Imaging2012-01-30BOOK REVIEWhttp://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS0899707111002981/abstract?rss=yesThe aim of this book is to confront and answer the numerous problems caused by errors in diagnostic imaging. Obviously, it is a topic which is of constant actuality, and the multiplication of imaging techniques, their applications, and where performed make this type of book more necessary.Corrected ProofJean Noël Bruneton10.1016/j.clinimag.2011.12.008Clinical Imaging (2012)2012-01-30Clinical Imaging2012-01-30BOOK REVIEWhttp://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS0899707111002993/abstract?rss=yesMeetings and courses - Corrected Proof10.1016/j.clinimag.2011.12.009Clinical Imaging (2012)2012-01-30Clinical Imaging2012-01-30http://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS0899707111003056/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: To report the efficacy of a new percutaneous technique for extraction of embolized catheters, five female patients (62±14 years) referred to our institution were analyzed. With the combination of a large-diameter steerable sheath with a sizeable snare system, three dislodged Port-A-Cath tubes and two ventriculoatrial shunts were retrieved successfully. Mean procedure time was 51±23 min, biplane fluoroscopy time was 22±21 min, and dose area product was 1188±992 dGy cm2. Percutaneous extraction of embolized venous catheters is highly effective with the help of this novel, self-assembled system. The presented technique provides major advantages with respect to three-dimensional steerability and should be considered for complex cases.A new approach of extracting embolized venous catheters using a large-diameter steerable sheath under biplane fluoroscopy - Corrected ProofBernhard Strohmer, Johann Altenberger, Maximilian Pichler10.1016/j.clinimag.2011.11.025Clinical Imaging (2012)2012-01-30Clinical Imaging2012-01-30http://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS0899707111003093/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate iron levels in cardiac and hepatic tissues using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) T2⁎.Methods: Cardiac and hepatic MRI was performed for 93 patients with β-thalassemia major.Results: Cardiac T2⁎ was in the range of 2.9–56.6 ms. Myocardial siderosis was detected in 44% of patients; 25 patients had moderate and severe siderosis with serum ferritin level (SFL) of 576–10,284 ng/ml. There was a significant correlation between SFL and cardiac T2⁎ (p<.001).Conclusions: The effective role of MRI as a noninvasive producible method in measurement of iron concentration in tissues is not accessible with conventional techniques.Magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of iron overload: a comparison of MRI, echocardiography and serum ferritin level in patients with β-thalassemia major - Corrected ProofBibi Shahin Shamsian, Shadi Abdar Esfahani, Hani Milani, Shahram Akhlaghpoor, Saeid Mojtahedzadeh, Ahmad Reza Shamshiri, Samin Alavi, Alieh Safari, Nima Rezaei, Mohammad Taghi Arzanian10.1016/j.clinimag.2011.11.029Clinical Imaging (2012)2012-01-30Clinical Imaging2012-01-30http://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS0899707111003123/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Objectives: We compared the accuracy of shorter-time dual-phase 18F-FDG PET/CT in evaluating 94 different lung nodules classified as solid or ground-glass nodules (GGNs).Materials and Methods: Early and delayed maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax) as well as the retention index (RI) of each nodule were determined in 75 solid nodules and 19 GGNs.Results: In solid nodules, early SUVmax, delayed SUVmax, and RI were higher in malignant than in benign lesions. In GGNs, these values were not significantly lower in the malignant than in the benign lesions.Conclusion: In the patient group with solid nodules, shorter-time dual-phase 18F-FDG PET/CT could significantly differentiate the malignant from the benign ones.Shorter-time dual-phase FDG PET/CT in characterizing solid or ground-glass nodules based on surgical results - Corrected ProofChen-Feng Chiu, Yu-Yi Lin, Wu-Huei Hsu, Chih-Yi Chen, Jun-Jun Yeh, Chia-Hung Kao10.1016/j.clinimag.2011.11.032Clinical Imaging (2012)2012-01-30Clinical Imaging2012-01-30http://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS0899707111003159/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: A wide variety of malignant gastric diseases can be detected, staged, and followed on 18F-FDG PET/CT. Although the PET/CT findings are often nonspecific and some can be seen in certain benign gastric diseases, the aim of this atlas was to demonstrate that the wide histological spectrum of gastric tumors that can be evaluated, staged, and followed with PET/CT is much broader than current medical literature would suggest. PET/CT readers and oncologists should be aware of the utility of PET/CT in these tumors and the imaging characteristics and patterns of 18F-FDG uptake that can be demonstrated in these cases.Spectrum of gastric malignancy on 18F-FDG PET/CT: a pictorial essay - Corrected ProofWilliam Makis, Anthony Ciarallo, Marc Hickeson, Christopher Rush, Vilma Derbekyan, Javier-A. Novales-Diaz, Jerome Laufer, Jerry Stern, Robert Lisbona10.1016/j.clinimag.2011.12.014Clinical Imaging (2012)2012-01-30Clinical Imaging2012-01-30http://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS089970711100266X/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Intrahepatic subcapsular hematoma after laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a rare complication and is potentially life threatening. When radiologic studies confirm the presence of the hematoma, the decision to follow a conservative treatment should involve clinical monitoring. If there are signs of infection, the collection can safely be drained percutaneously. If there are signs of active bleeding, a selective embolization should be attempted first. If unsuccessful, subsequent surgical evacuation should be performed. We report the case of a patient with an intrahepatic subcapsular hematoma after laparoscopic cholecystectomy, which occurred 6 weeks after surgery, and review the literature concerning the management of these bleedings.Delayed intrahepatic subcapsular hematoma after laparoscopic cholecystectomy - Corrected ProofSteve M.M. de Castro, Jim A. Reekers, Boudewijn J. Dwars10.1016/j.clinimag.2011.11.023Clinical Imaging (2012)2012-01-27Clinical Imaging2012-01-27http://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS0899707111003032/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: We report a patient with sickle cell disease who developed spinal cord ischemia. Initial conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was unremarkable, but diffusion-weighted imaging showed restricted diffusion in the cervical spinal cord. Follow-up MRI performed 3 days later showed development of findings on conventional images that confirmed the infarction.MRI of cervical spinal cord infarction in a patient with sickle cell disease - Corrected ProofJuan Camilo Márquez, Ana María Granados, Mauricio Castillo10.1016/j.clinimag.2011.12.013Clinical Imaging (2012)2012-01-27Clinical Imaging2012-01-27http://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS0899707111003081/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the accuracy of T2-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) for staging of prostate cancer.Material and methods: A total of 101 men with biopsy-proven prostate cancer undergoing both T2-weighted endorectal MR imaging and B-mode TRUS for local tumor staging prior to radical prostatectomy were retrospectively identified. Three MR readers rated the likelihood of locally advanced disease using a 5-point scale. An ultrasound reader performed the same rating. Staging accuracy was compared using receiver operating characteristic curves.Results: Staging accuracy was not significantly different between MR imaging (Az = 0.69–0.70) and TRUS (Az = 0.81, P>.05).Conclusions: T2-weighted MR imaging demonstrates comparable accuracy to B-mode TRUS for depicting locally invasive prostate cancer.Local staging of prostate cancer: comparative accuracy of T2-weighted endorectal MR imaging and transrectal ultrasound - Corrected ProofAdam J. Jung, Fergus V. Coakley, Katsuto Shinohara, Peter R. Carroll, John Kurhanewicz, Janet E. Cowan, Antonio C. Westphalen10.1016/j.clinimag.2011.11.028Clinical Imaging (2012)2012-01-27Clinical Imaging2012-01-27http://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS0899707111003111/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Objectives: The present study aimed to present the clinical and multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) findings of patients who were diagnosed with the median arcuate ligament (MAL) syndrome on MDCT retrospectively.Methods: Seven hundred forty-four patients in whom MDCT angiography was performed were retrospectively analyzed for investigating incidental MAL syndrome.Results: Twenty-one patients were shown to have MAL syndrome. Of 21 patients, 18 with MAL syndrome were asymptomatic. Three patients had some symptoms. On MDCT angiography, proximal narrowing of the arteries was observed in 21 patients.Conclusions: MDCT is a minimally invasive and useful tool for the diagnosis of MAL syndrome.Clinical and multidetector computed tomography findings of patients with median arcuate ligament syndrome - Corrected ProofHatice Gümüş, Metehan Gümüş, Güven Tekbaş, Hakan Önder, Faysal Ekici, Mehmet Güli Çetinçakmak, Aslan Bilici10.1016/j.clinimag.2011.11.031Clinical Imaging (2012)2012-01-27Clinical Imaging2012-01-27http://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS0899707111003135/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: The patient referred to our hospital at 29 weeks. The detailed ultrasound study demonstrated the stomach behind the heart, the slight deviation of the heart, and the vascular connection between the right chest organ and inferior vena cava. Bilateral congenital diaphragmatic hernia was suggested and confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging. A baby was delivered at 37 weeks and immediately placed on high-frequency oscillation ventilation. Although a surgical correction of the bilateral hernia under extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was completed, he expired at 14 h of age.Ultrasound and MR images of prenatally diagnosed bilateral congenital diaphragmatic hernia, a rare variation of CDH - Corrected ProofKana Ishibashi Hiasa, Yasuyuki Fujita, Kotaro Fukushima, Kouji Nagata, Tomoaki Taguchi, Norio Wake10.1016/j.clinimag.2011.11.033Clinical Imaging (2012)2012-01-27Clinical Imaging2012-01-27http://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS0899707111003160/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Vascular rings are a rare group of congenital thoracic vascular anomalies which are characterized by abnormal vascular structures that completely or incompletely encircle the trachea, esophagus, or both. We report the case of a vascular ring formed around the trachea and esophagus by aberrant right subclavian artery and aberrant right common carotid artery, associated with persistent left superior vena cava, complete absence of azygos vein, and with multiple nonvascular abnormalities. Recurrent pulmonary infections were the only clinical manifestation of this complex vascular anomaly. Our report represents a so-far-undescribed anatomic variation of the vascular ring that clinicians should be aware of.Aberrant right common carotid and subclavian arteries causing tracheoesophageal compression combined with persistent left superior vena cava—case report - Corrected ProofJovan Lovrenski, Svetlana Balj, Dragana Simić, Mihajlo Jecković10.1016/j.clinimag.2011.12.015Clinical Imaging (2012)2012-01-27Clinical Imaging2012-01-27http://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS0899707111003184/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Several sinonasal anatomical variants may be related to the etiology of acute rhinosinusitis. The same is true with intrusion of teeth into the maxillary sinus cavity.Patients with acute rhinosinusitis not responding to maximal medical treatment were prospectively enrolled.Deviation of the nasal septum towards the infected sinus may be associated with the pathogenesis of refractory acute rhinosinusitis. Intrusion of teeth into the maxillary sinus is a common finding and is not necessarily associated with the formation of sinusitis.Computed tomography scan findings in refractory acute rhinosinusitis - Corrected ProofNir Hirshoren, Menachem Gross, Aviv Hirschenbein, Ron Eliashar10.1016/j.clinimag.2011.12.017Clinical Imaging (2012)2012-01-27Clinical Imaging2012-01-27http://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS0899707111003019/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: The hydatidosis, or echinococcosis, has a characteristic geographic distribution, occurring most frequently in sheep-raising regions in Mediterranean, Central Asian, and South American countries and in Australia. Spinal hydatidosis is very rare, and intradural location is a rarer category of spinal hydatidosis. We report a case of intradural extramedullary spinal hydatid cyst in a 9-year-old boy. On magnetic resonance imaging, an intradural extramedullary giant cystic lesion was seen mimicking an arachnoid cyst. However, endemic origin of the patient and positive serology helped to make the diagnosis of hydatid cyst, which was confirmed on postoperative histopathology.Giant intradural extramedullary spinal hydatid cyst—a rare presentation - Corrected ProofMuddassir Rashid, Sanna Kirmani, Mubashir Rashid10.1016/j.clinimag.2011.12.011Clinical Imaging (2012)2012-01-24Clinical Imaging2012-01-24http://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS0899707111002348/abstract?rss=yesThe objective was to combine lipid microbubbles with poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanospheres and prepare a novel drug microbubble vector, and to explore the efficiency of covalent bonding and static adsorption in combining ultrasound microbubbles with active PLGA nanospheres.Technical imaging and therapy innovations: Preparation of a novel drug-loading ultrasound microbubble—early results - Corrected ProofHong-hong Wang, Hai-tao Ran, Zhi-gang Wang, Ya-ping Zhang, Lan Hao10.1016/j.clinimag.2011.10.011Clinical Imaging (2012)2012-01-20Clinical Imaging2012-01-20PRODUCT REVIEWhttp://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS0899707111003020/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Purpose: The purpose was to describe the magnetic resonance imaging appearance of the brain and spine in a patient.Method: A patient with pancreatitis and neurologic findings is described.Results: Our patient had an inflammatory condition involving the pancreas and orbital muscles, a constellation of findings that should suggest systemic IgG-related disease (SIRD).Conclusions: Patients with multiorgan inflammatory disease, especially those involving the pancreas and other organs, should be evaluated for possible SIRD.Case report of systemic IgG-related disease affecting the pancreas and orbit - Corrected ProofAdriana Carolina Caldera Díaz, Barbara Alejandra Suarez Arfenoni, Richard C. Semelka, Mauricio Castillo10.1016/j.clinimag.2011.12.012Clinical Imaging (2012)2012-01-13Clinical Imaging2012-01-13http://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS0899707111001938/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Purpose: Performance of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H-MRS) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values in the diagnosis of malignant thyroid nodules.Method: In a retrospective study with malignant nodules of 14 patients, H-MRS and diffusion-weighted MR imaging (DWI) were performed. Choline (Cho) peak, Cho/creatine (Cr) ratio, and ADC values of malignant nodules were correlated with the five benign nodules and four normal-appearing thyroid lobe parenchymata. The gold standard reference was fine needle aspiration biopsy and histopathology.Results: At echo time 40–144-ms acquisitions, average Cho/Cr ratio for the malignant nodules was 2.95±1.54–5.30±2.38, cutoff values were >0.805 and >1.225, and ADC values were 0.06±0.02.Conclusion: H-MRS acquisitions, DWI, and ADC mapping give diagnostic data about the nature of the nodules.The role of proton MR spectroscopy and apparent diffusion coefficient values in the diagnosis of malignant thyroid nodules: preliminary results - Corrected ProofHasan Aydın, Volkan Kızılgöz, İdil Tatar, Çağrı Damar, Hakan Güzel, Baki Hekimoğlu, Tuncay Delibaşı10.1016/j.clinimag.2011.09.009Clinical Imaging (2012)2012-01-09Clinical Imaging2012-01-09http://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS0899707111002427/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Kimura's disease is a rare chronic inflammatory disorder with a high rate of recurrence. The clinical and imaging features of Kimura's disease have been documented in the literature, but the relationship between these features and disease recurrence is still unclear. We conclude that disease duration of greater than 5 years, bilateral involvement, a lesion diameter of greater than 3 cm, a blood eosinophil count greater than 20%, and ill-defined lesions are predictive factors for the recurrence of Kimura's disease.Kimura's disease: clinical and imaging parameters for the prediction of disease recurrence - Corrected ProofYang Yu Lin, Shih Ming Jung, Sheung Fat Ko, Cheng Hong Toh, Alex Mun Ching Wong, Yu Ruei Chen, Siu Cheung Chan, Yun Chung Cheung, Shu Hang Ng10.1016/j.clinimag.2011.11.002Clinical Imaging (2012)2012-01-09Clinical Imaging2012-01-09http://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS0899707111002543/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Diffuse idiopathic pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia (DIPNECH) is a rare disorder that is being diagnosed more frequently with the increasing availability of advanced imaging and more accurate histopathology. It occurs most commonly in nonsmoking, middle-aged women. High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) findings include mosaic attenuation due to constrictive bronchiolitis and small (<5 mm) randomly distributed pulmonary nodules. It is important to recognize this condition as it is considered a precursor of peripheral carcinoid tumors. This article will present a case of this uncommon condition with review of the literature, imaging findings, and clinical presentation.What is DIPNECH? - Corrected ProofChristopher M. Walker, Dharsan Vummidi, Joshua O. Benditt, J. David Godwin, Sudhakar Pipavath10.1016/j.clinimag.2011.11.011Clinical Imaging (2012)2012-01-09Clinical Imaging2012-01-09http://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS0899707111002579/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Purpose: To prospectively assess the stiffness of the liver and spleen with acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) imaging pre and post transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) placement.Material and methods: Between February, 2011 and September, 2011, we prospectively measured stiffness of the liver and spleen with mean shear wave velocity (MSV, m/s) on ARFI imaging in 10 healthy volunteers (mean age 32.2±10.3 years, age range 23-53 years) and 10 patients (mean age, 38.6±6.4 years, age range 30-48 years) who underwent TIPS placement for treatment of portal hypertension (PHTN). The portal vein pressure was measured while placing the TIPS. To assess the changes in the stiffness of the liver and spleen following TIPS placement, we measured MSV of the liver and spleen one day before TIPS insertion and 4-9 days after TIPS placement (mean interval 5.9±2.0 days, interval range 5 to 10 days).Results: There was significant difference in portal vein pressure pre (27.67±5.86 mmHg) and post (18.00±6.93 mmHg) TIPS insertion (P .05). However, a statistically significant difference in MSV of the spleen pre and Post TIPS placement(P<.001) was demonstrated. In addition, we observed a significant difference in spleen index between healthy subjects and patients with PHTN (P<.001), as well as between pre and post TIPS placement (P<.01).Conclusion: The MSV of the spleen measured with ARFI correlates well with portal vein pressure. Hence, the spleen stiffness by means of MSV on ARFI imaging can be used as a quantitative marker in monitoring the portal vein pressure as the function of the TIPS.The stiffness of the liver and spleen on ARFI Imaging pre and post TIPS placement: a preliminary observation - Corrected ProofJing Gao, Hai-Tao Ran, Xiao-Ping Ye, Yuan-Yi Zheng, Da-Zhi Zhang, Zhi-Gang Wang10.1016/j.clinimag.2011.11.014Clinical Imaging (2012)2012-01-09Clinical Imaging2012-01-09http://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS0899707111002592/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Purpose: To investigate the diagnostic accuracy of 3.0-T diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) for detection of prostate cancer by using different b-values.Methods: Seventy-three patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 3.0 T. Three MRI sets were reviewed by two radiologists: MRI and DWI (b=500s/mm2) (protocol A), MRI and DWI (b=1000s/mm2) (protocol B), and MRI and DWI (b=2000s/mm2) (protocol C). Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUCs) were calculated.Results: The mean of the AUCs in protocol C was larger than those in protocol A and in protocol B (P<.05).Conclusion: DWI (b=2000s/mm2) at 3.0 T can improve the diagnostic accuracy for detection of prostate cancer.Diagnostic accuracy of ultra-high-b-value 3.0-T diffusion-weighted MR imaging for detection of prostate cancer - Corrected ProofYoshimitsu Ohgiya, Jumpei Suyama, Noritaka Seino, Takashi Hashizume, Masaaki Kawahara, Syouei Sai, Makoto Saiki, Jiro Munechika, Masanori Hirose, Takehiko Gokan10.1016/j.clinimag.2011.11.016Clinical Imaging (2012)2012-01-09Clinical Imaging2012-01-09http://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS0899707111002609/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Foreign bodies (FBs) in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract can show a wide range of clinical manifestations ranging from spontaneous evacuation to severe complication. Plain radiography is a straightforward and important initial imaging modality in cases of FB ingestion or insertion and is also helpful for follow-up purposes. Careful evaluations of the plain radiographs can determine the presence and nature of FBs, and help predict their precise locations and facilitate risk assessment. In this review, a wide variety of FBs in the GI tract are illustrated, and the role of plain radiography in patient management is discussed.What is the role of plain radiography in patients with foreign bodies in the gastrointestinal tract? - Corrected ProofJun Hyung Lee, Hyun Cheol Kim, Dal Mo Yang, Sang Won Kim, Wook Jin, Seong Jin Park, Hyoung Jung Kim10.1016/j.clinimag.2011.11.017Clinical Imaging (2012)2012-01-09Clinical Imaging2012-01-09http://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS0899707111002610/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Purpose: Use diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in differentiating pelvic abscess from pelvic cystic tumor.Materials and methods: Patients with pelvic abscess (n=23) or pelvic cystic tumor (n=15) who underwent diffusion-weighted MRI were reviewed.Results: Pelvic abscesses showed hyperintensity on diffusion-weighted MRI and hypointensity on apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) map. The mean ADC values of fluid in pelvic abscess and pelvic tumors were 0.73±0.15×10−3 and 2.27±0.45×10−3 mm2/s, respectively. Pelvic abscesses had significantly lower ADC values than pelvic cystic tumors (P<.001).Conclusion: Diffusion-weighted MRI provides a noncontrast method for interpreting pelvic cystic lesions.Differentiation between pelvic abscesses and pelvic tumors with diffusion-weighted MR imaging: a preliminary study - Corrected ProofChen-Pin Chou, Shih-Hwa Chiou, Robin B. Levenson, Jer-Shyung Huang, Tsung-Lung Yang, Chia-Cheng Yu, An-Jen Chiang, Huay-Ben Pan10.1016/j.clinimag.2011.11.018Clinical Imaging (2012)2012-01-09Clinical Imaging2012-01-09http://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS0899707111002622/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: The purpose was to analyze the imaging features of thalassemia with extramedullary hematopoiesis in 17 patients. The 17 patients were analyzed and examined retrospectively by X-ray, ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging.Nine cases appeared with hepatic enlargement; 12 cases presented with megalocardia or hypodensity; 15 cases had skeletal manifestations, with involvement of the ribs (66.7%), spine vertebra (40.0%), skull (46.7%), and other bones (20%). Five cases showed nonskeletal manifestations, and extramedullary hematopoiesis was found in three cases. A case presented with cholelithiasis, and hemosiderosis of the liver was found in three cases. The signs of the skeletal manifestations and nonskeletal manifestations may be useful for clinical diagnosis.Clinical and imaging findings in thalassemia patients with extramedullary hematopoiesis - Corrected ProofGuangbin Zhu, Xiaomei Wu, Xuelin Zhang, Meiyou Wu, Qingsi Zeng, Xinchun Li10.1016/j.clinimag.2011.11.019Clinical Imaging (2012)2012-01-09Clinical Imaging2012-01-09http://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS0899707111002634/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: We investigated the patterns of evolution of portal vein tumor thromboses (PVTTs) and the changes in serum tumor marker levels in untreated hepatocellular carcinomas. The mean time required for the subsegmental or lower-order branch PVTTs and the segmental PVTTs to reach the large portal vein was 120 and 101 days, respectively. The mean values of the serum alpha-fetoprotein levels markedly increased after the appearance of PVTTs from 1858.7 ng/ml to 6795.2 ng/ml.Evolution of portal vein tumor thromboses in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: CT findings and transition of serum tumor markers - Corrected ProofIl Soo Chang, Sung Wook Shin, Sung Ki Cho, Hyunchul Rhim, Dongil Choi, Kwang Bo Park, Hong Suk Park, Sung Wook Choo, Young Soo Do, In-wook Choo10.1016/j.clinimag.2011.11.020Clinical Imaging (2012)2012-01-09Clinical Imaging2012-01-09http://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS0899707111002658/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Background: Transient global amnesia is a fairly common occurrence in patients arriving to the emergency department. In most cases, transient global amnesia is benign, and the etiology remains unknown; however, it is important to exclude the rare but serious causes ensuring proper treatment and prevention of serious complication.Case report: We present a rare case in which a patient arrived with amnesia, and after full evaluation; a subtle ischemic region in the hippocampus was identified, allowing the patient to be treated. In most cases of transient global amnesia, the cause is seldom identified.Conclusions: We review the diagnostic criteria, risk factors, and imaging considerations associated.Transient global amnesia caused by hippocampal infarct: case report and review of literature - Corrected ProofAdam C. Adler, Daniel Warum, Joshua M. Sapire10.1016/j.clinimag.2011.11.022Clinical Imaging (2012)2012-01-09Clinical Imaging2012-01-09http://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS0899707111002488/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Behçet's disease (BD) is a form of systemic vasculitis with the classic triad of recurrent oral and genital ulcers along with uveitis. In BD, muscular involvement is very rare. We report a case of muscular involvement in BD with characteristic findings using ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging.Muscular involvement of Behçet's disease: ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging findings - Corrected ProofSung Ehn Jo, Yeo Ju Kim, Kyung-Hee Lee, Soon Gu Cho, Mie Jin Lim, Seong Ryul Kwon, Won Park, Seo Jin Hong, Myung Jin Shin10.1016/j.clinimag.2011.11.008Clinical Imaging (2011)2011-12-26Clinical Imaging2011-12-26http://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS089970711100249X/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: This study aimed to examine the resolution effects of breast thickness and lesion location in magnification mammography by evaluating generalized modulation transfer function (GMTF) including the effect of focal spot, effective pixel size, and the scatter. Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) thicknesses ranging from 10 to 40 mm were placed on a standard supporting platform that was positioned to achieve magnification factors ranging from 1.2 to 2.0.As the magnification increased, the focal spot MTF degraded, while the detector MTF improved. The GMTF depended on the trade-off between the focal spot size and effective pixel size. Breast thickness and lesion location had little effect on the resolution at high frequencies. The resolution of small focal spot did improve slightly with increasing PMMA thickness for magnification factors less than 1.8. In contrast, system resolution decreased with increasing PMMA thickness for magnification factors greater than 1.8 since focal spot blur begins to dominate spatial resolution. In particular, breast thickness had a large effect on the resolution at lower frequencies. A low-frequency drop effect increased with increasing PMMA thickness because of the increase in scatter fraction. Hence, the effect of compressed breast thickness should be considered for the standard magnification factor of 1.8 that is most commonly used in clinical practice. Our results should provide insights for determining optimum magnification in clinical application of digital mammography, and our approaches can be extended to a wide diversity of radiological imaging systems.Effects of breast thickness and lesion location on resolution in digital magnification mammography - Corrected ProofHye-Suk Park, Yuna Oh, Sang-Tae Kim, Hee-Joung Kim10.1016/j.clinimag.2011.11.009Clinical Imaging (2011)2011-12-26Clinical Imaging2011-12-26http://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS0899707111002518/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: A technique to retrieve double J stents was described in children in whom cystoscopic stent removal was not feasible. In three children, the caudal ends of the double J stents were retrieved via the percutaneous nephrostomy access. Capturing the caudal end of the double J stents for retrieval made removal feasible and easy.Antegrade retrieval of double J stents with capture of the bladder end in three young children - Corrected ProofKorgun Koral, Dev Desai, Patricio Gargollo, Warren Snodgrass10.1016/j.clinimag.2011.10.019Clinical Imaging (2011)2011-12-26Clinical Imaging2011-12-26http://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS089970711100252X/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Hydatid disease can be seen anywhere in the body and presents with a variety of clinical symptoms and imaging features according to its location. In this article, computed tomography features of a giant hepatic hydatid cyst extending into the right atrium and causing pulmonary embolism are presented.CT demonstration of pulmonary embolism due to the rupture of a giant hepatic hydatid disease - Corrected ProofDuygu Herek, Nevzat Karabulut10.1016/j.clinimag.2011.10.020Clinical Imaging (2011)2011-12-26Clinical Imaging2011-12-26http://www.clinicalimaging.org/article/PIIS0899707111002531/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Lymphatic malformations are vascular malformations and consist of masses of abnormal lymphatic channels. They are uncommon in the mediastinum. We report three cases of giant mediastinum lymphatic malformations in children. One case developed two episodes of cardiopulmonary arrests, and the other two were first diagnosed and treated as pneumonia. They all recovered well after surgery. The diagnosis is rather important in lymphatic malformations. A delay in diagnosis of mediastinum lymphatic malformation increases the risk of death and prolonged clinical course. Thus, mediastinum lymphatic malformations should be kept in mind as a differential diagnosis of pneumonia and mass in the neck.Giant lymphatic malformations of the mediastinum in children: report of three cases - Corrected ProofYingchun Xu, Dan Xu, Zhimin Chen10.1016/j.clinimag.2011.11.010Clinical Imaging (2011)2011-12-26Clinical Imaging2011-12-26